Action extends Thing
An action performed by a direct agent and indirect participants upon a direct object. Optionally happens at a location with the help of an inanimate instrument.
The execution of the action may produce a result. Specific action sub-type documentation specifies the exact expectation of each argument/role.
Tags
Table of Contents
Constants
- CONTEXT = 'https://schema.org'
- JSON-LD @context declaration for Schema.org.
- JSON_PRIORITY_KEYS = [\org\schema\constants\Schema::AT_TYPE, \org\schema\constants\Schema::AT_CONTEXT, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_KEY, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_FROM, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_TO, \org\schema\constants\Schema::ID, \org\schema\constants\Schema::NAME, \org\schema\constants\Schema::URL, \org\schema\constants\Schema::CREATED, \org\schema\constants\Schema::MODIFIED]
- Defines the priority order of keys when serializing the object to JSON-LD.
Properties
- $_from : string|null
- The metadata to indicates the edge 'from' identifier.
- $_id : null|string
- The metadata identifier of the item.
- $_key : null|string
- The metadata unique key identifier of the thing.
- $_rev : null|string
- The metadata revision value of the thing.
- $_to : string|null
- The metadata to indicates the edge 'to' identifier.
- $actionProcess : HowTo|null
- Description of the process by which the action was performed.
- $actionStatus : ActionStatusType|DefinedTerm|null
- Indicates the current disposition of the Action.
- $active : bool|null
- The active flag.
- $additionalType : array<string|int, mixed>|string|null|object
- An additionalType for the item.
- $agent : Person|Organization|string|null
- The direct performer or driver of the action (animate or inanimate). E.g. John wrote a book.
- $alternateName : string|object|array<string|int, mixed>|null
- An alias for the item.
- $created : null|string
- Date of creation of the resource.
- $description : string|object|array<string|int, mixed>|null
- A short description of the item.
- $disambiguatingDescription : string|null
- A sub property of description. A short description of the item used to disambiguate from other, similar items. Information from other properties (in particular, name) may be necessary for the description to be useful for disambiguation.
- $endTime : null|string|int
- The endTime of something.
- $error : Thing|null
- For failed actions, more information on the cause of the failure.
- $hasPart : string|Thing|array<string|int, Thing>|null
- Indicates an item that this part of this item.
- $id : null|int|string
- The unique identifier of the item.
- $identifier : string|null
- The identifier of the item.
- $image : string|ImageObject|array<string|int, ImageObject|string>|null
- The image reference of this resource.
- $instrument : Thing|null
- The object that helped the agent perform the action. E.g. John wrote a book with a pen.
- $isPartOf : string|Thing|array<string|int, Thing>|null
- Indicates an item that this item is part of.
- $license : string|object|null
- A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
- $location : Place|PostalAddress|string|VirtualLocation|null
- The location of, for example, where an event is happening, where an organization is located, or where an action takes place.
- $mainEntityOfPage : string|null
- Indicates a page (or other CreativeWork) for which this thing is the main entity being described.
- $modified : null|string
- Date on which the resource was changed.
- $name : int|string|null
- The name of the item.
- $object : Thing|null
- The object upon which the action is carried out, whose state is kept intact or changed. Also known as the semantic roles patient, affected or undergoer (which change their state) or theme (which doesn't). E.g. John read a book.
- $owner : null|string|Thing
- The owner of this Thing.
- $participant : array<string|int, mixed>|Person|Organization|null
- Other co-agents that participated in the action indirectly. E.g. John wrote a book with Steve.
- $potentialAction : array<string|int, mixed>|Action|null
- Indicates a potential Action, which describes an idealized action in which this thing would play an 'object' role.
- $provider : array<string|int, mixed>|Person|Organization|null
- The service provider, service operator, or service performer; the goods producer.
- $publisher : string|array<string|int, string|Person|Organization>|Person|Organization|null
- The publisher of the resource.
- $result : Thing|null
- The result produced in the action. E.g. John wrote a book.
- $sameAs : string|array<string|int, mixed>|null
- URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item's identity.
- $startTime : null|string|int
- The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file.
- $subjectOf : null|string|array<string|int, mixed>|CreativeWork|Event
- A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.
- $target : string|EntryPoint|null
- Indicates a target EntryPoint, or url, for an Action.
- $url : int|string|null
- URL of the item.
- $atContext : string|null
- The JSON-LD `@context` value.
- $atType : string|null
- The JSON-LD `@type` value.
Methods
- __construct() : mixed
- Constructor to hydrate public properties from an array or stdClass.
- jsonSerialize() : array<string|int, mixed>
- Serializes the current object into a JSON-LD array.
- withAtContext() : $this
- Sets the internal JSON-LD `@context` attribute.
- withAtType() : $this
- Sets the internal JSON-LD `@type` attribute.
- withJSONLDMeta() : $this
- Initializes both JSON-LD metadata: `@type` and `@context`.
Constants
CONTEXT
JSON-LD @context declaration for Schema.org.
public
mixed
CONTEXT
= 'https://schema.org'
JSON_PRIORITY_KEYS
Defines the priority order of keys when serializing the object to JSON-LD.
public
array<string|int, string>
JSON_PRIORITY_KEYS
= [\org\schema\constants\Schema::AT_TYPE, \org\schema\constants\Schema::AT_CONTEXT, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_KEY, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_FROM, \org\schema\constants\Schema::_TO, \org\schema\constants\Schema::ID, \org\schema\constants\Schema::NAME, \org\schema\constants\Schema::URL, \org\schema\constants\Schema::CREATED, \org\schema\constants\Schema::MODIFIED]
Keys listed here will always appear first in the serialized array, in the order specified. All remaining public properties will be sorted alphabetically after these priority keys.
This ensures that important JSON-LD metadata and system fields
(like @type, @context, _key, id, url, created, modified, etc.)
appear at the top of the output for consistency and readability.
Usage:
$orderedKeys = self::JSON_PRIORITY_KEYS;
Notes:
- Can be overridden in a subclass by redefining the constant.
- Late static binding (
static::JSON_PRIORITY_KEYS) allows child classes to modify the serialization order.
List of JSON-LD keys in priority order.
Properties
$_from
The metadata to indicates the edge 'from' identifier.
public
string|null
$_from
$_id
The metadata identifier of the item.
public
null|string
$_id
$_key
The metadata unique key identifier of the thing.
public
null|string
$_key
$_rev
The metadata revision value of the thing.
public
null|string
$_rev
$_to
The metadata to indicates the edge 'to' identifier.
public
string|null
$_to
$actionProcess
Description of the process by which the action was performed.
public
HowTo|null
$actionProcess
$actionStatus
Indicates the current disposition of the Action.
public
ActionStatusType|DefinedTerm|null
$actionStatus
$active
The active flag.
public
bool|null
$active
$additionalType
An additionalType for the item.
public
array<string|int, mixed>|string|null|object
$additionalType
$agent
The direct performer or driver of the action (animate or inanimate). E.g. John wrote a book.
public
Person|Organization|string|null
$agent
$alternateName
An alias for the item.
public
string|object|array<string|int, mixed>|null
$alternateName
$created
Date of creation of the resource.
public
null|string
$created
$description
A short description of the item.
public
string|object|array<string|int, mixed>|null
$description
$disambiguatingDescription
A sub property of description. A short description of the item used to disambiguate from other, similar items. Information from other properties (in particular, name) may be necessary for the description to be useful for disambiguation.
public
string|null
$disambiguatingDescription
$endTime
The endTime of something.
public
null|string|int
$endTime
For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to end. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the end of a clip within a larger file. Note that Event uses startDate/endDate instead of startTime/endTime, even when describing dates with times. This situation may be clarified in future revisions.
$error
For failed actions, more information on the cause of the failure.
public
Thing|null
$error
$hasPart
Indicates an item that this part of this item.
public
string|Thing|array<string|int, Thing>|null
$hasPart
$id
The unique identifier of the item.
public
null|int|string
$id
$identifier
The identifier of the item.
public
string|null
$identifier
$image
The image reference of this resource.
public
string|ImageObject|array<string|int, ImageObject|string>|null
$image
$instrument
The object that helped the agent perform the action. E.g. John wrote a book with a pen.
public
Thing|null
$instrument
$isPartOf
Indicates an item that this item is part of.
public
string|Thing|array<string|int, Thing>|null
$isPartOf
$license
A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.
public
string|object|null
$license
$location
The location of, for example, where an event is happening, where an organization is located, or where an action takes place.
public
Place|PostalAddress|string|VirtualLocation|null
$location
$mainEntityOfPage
Indicates a page (or other CreativeWork) for which this thing is the main entity being described.
public
string|null
$mainEntityOfPage
$modified
Date on which the resource was changed.
public
null|string
$modified
$name
The name of the item.
public
int|string|null
$name
$object
The object upon which the action is carried out, whose state is kept intact or changed. Also known as the semantic roles patient, affected or undergoer (which change their state) or theme (which doesn't). E.g. John read a book.
public
Thing|null
$object
$owner
The owner of this Thing.
public
null|string|Thing
$owner
Represents any entity (person, organization, system, or other object) that can be considered the possessor of this Thing.
$participant
Other co-agents that participated in the action indirectly. E.g. John wrote a book with Steve.
public
array<string|int, mixed>|Person|Organization|null
$participant
$potentialAction
Indicates a potential Action, which describes an idealized action in which this thing would play an 'object' role.
public
array<string|int, mixed>|Action|null
$potentialAction
$provider
The service provider, service operator, or service performer; the goods producer.
public
array<string|int, mixed>|Person|Organization|null
$provider
Another party (a seller) may offer those services or goods on behalf of the provider. A provider may also serve as the seller.
$publisher
The publisher of the resource.
public
string|array<string|int, string|Person|Organization>|Person|Organization|null
$publisher
$result
The result produced in the action. E.g. John wrote a book.
public
Thing|null
$result
$sameAs
URL of a reference Web page that unambiguously indicates the item's identity.
public
string|array<string|int, mixed>|null
$sameAs
E.g. the URL of the item's Wikipedia page, Wikidata entry, or official website.
$startTime
The startTime of something. For a reserved event or service (e.g. FoodEstablishmentReservation), the time that it is expected to start. For actions that span a period of time, when the action was performed. E.g. John wrote a book from January to December. For media, including audio and video, it's the time offset of the start of a clip within a larger file.
public
null|string|int
$startTime
$subjectOf
A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.
public
null|string|array<string|int, mixed>|CreativeWork|Event
$subjectOf
$target
Indicates a target EntryPoint, or url, for an Action.
public
string|EntryPoint|null
$target
$url
URL of the item.
public
int|string|null
$url
$atContext
The JSON-LD `@context` value.
private
string|null
$atContext
= null
Default is https://schema.org.
$atType
The JSON-LD `@type` value.
private
string|null
$atType
= null
This can be manually set or automatically inferred from the class name.
Methods
__construct()
Constructor to hydrate public properties from an array or stdClass.
public
__construct([array<string|int, mixed>|object|null $init = null ]) : mixed
This allows objects to be quickly populated with associative data without manually setting each property.
Parameters
- $init : array<string|int, mixed>|object|null = null
-
A data array or object used to initialize the instance. Keys must match public property names.
Tags
jsonSerialize()
Serializes the current object into a JSON-LD array.
public
jsonSerialize() : array<string|int, mixed>
Includes public properties, the JSON-LD @context and @type.
Null values are automatically removed.
Tags
Return values
array<string|int, mixed> —JSON-LD representation of the object.
withAtContext()
Sets the internal JSON-LD `@context` attribute.
public
withAtContext(string $context) : $this
Useful if you need a custom JSON-LD context.
Parameters
- $context : string
-
Optional JSON-LD context.
Return values
$thiswithAtType()
Sets the internal JSON-LD `@type` attribute.
public
withAtType(string $type) : $this
Allows overriding the default type inferred from the class.
Parameters
- $type : string
-
Optional JSON-LD type
Return values
$thiswithJSONLDMeta()
Initializes both JSON-LD metadata: `@type` and `@context`.
public
withJSONLDMeta([string|null $atType = null ][, string|null $atContext = null ]) : $this
Can be called from constructor or later to override default values.
Parameters
- $atType : string|null = null
-
Optional JSON-LD type
- $atContext : string|null = null
-
Optional JSON-LD context